Craft and structure
Choosing Past or Present Tense in Fiction
Deciding between past and present tense is a common crossroads for fiction writers. It’s normal to feel stuck or uncertain about which tense will serve your story best. This choice shapes how readers experience your narrative and can affect your writing process.
Direct answer
Past tense is the traditional choice for fiction and reads as though the story has already happened. It offers flexibility for shifting time frames, reflections, and backstory. Many readers find it comfortable and familiar, and it often allows for smoother narrative flow.
Present tense feels immediate and urgent, placing readers directly in the moment with the character. It can heighten tension and intimacy but may limit how you handle time shifts or internal reflection. It's especially effective in stories with a fast pace or a strong, active voice.
Neither tense is inherently better; the right choice depends on your story’s needs and your comfort as a writer. If you’re stuck, try writing a few scenes in both tenses to see which voice feels more natural and effective. Remember, revising and coaching can help you make these craft decisions with confidence.
What this looks like in practice
Early draft stage
Choosing a tense before starting your novel.
The writer feels unsure and switches tenses inconsistently.
The writer picks one tense that feels natural and maintains it consistently throughout the draft.
Revision stage
Evaluating if the current tense serves the story.
The writer notices the narrative feels flat or awkward in present tense.
The writer experiments with past tense and finds it improves narrative flow and depth.
Before querying or publishing
Finalizing tense for submission or publication.
The writer worries their tense choice might confuse or alienate readers.
The writer gains confidence in their tense choice after feedback and coaching, knowing it supports the story’s tone and pace.
How Story Salon helps
At Story Salon, I help writers explore these tense choices in the context of their full manuscript, guiding them to the tense that best supports their voice and story momentum.